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'Weaponisation of water': Pakistan seeks Canada's help to revive Indus Waters Treaty with India

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The diplomatic waters between Pakistan and India have been turbulent for decades, with tensions rising and falling over territorial disputes and water rights. The Indus Waters Treaty, a 1960 agreement aimed at resolving the latter, is now on shaky ground, and Islamabad is counting on its old friend Canada to help restore balance to the fragile relationship. On Monday, Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister Ishaq Dar requested Canadian support in reviving the treaty, citing India’s alleged non-compliance and attempts to “weaponise” the Indus River’s waters.

Canada’s Role in Regional Diplomacy

Canada has a long history of involvement in South Asian affairs, dating back to the country’s role in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. Its efforts to mediate conflicts and facilitate economic cooperation in the region have earned it a degree of trust among Pakistan and India, which have often found themselves at odds over issues like Kashmir and water rights. Canadian diplomats have also played a crucial role in negotiating several key agreements, including the Indus Waters Treaty itself.

Given its experience and credibility, Canada is seen as an ideal candidate to help Pakistan and India find common ground on the Indus Waters Treaty. The 1960 agreement allocated the Indus River’s waters between the two countries, with India entitled to 20% of the flow and Pakistan granted control over the remaining 80%. However, India’s recent actions have raised concerns that it is seeking to renegotiate the treaty or even unilaterally alter the water allocation, which Islamabad sees as a threat to its national security.

The India-Pakistan Water Dispute

The India-Pakistan water dispute is a longstanding issue that has been exacerbated by recent tensions over Kashmir and other regional concerns. India’s efforts to expand its hydroelectric capacity on the Indus River have led to accusations that it is attempting to strangle Pakistan’s agricultural sector by reducing the country’s water share. Pakistan, meanwhile, has accused India of conducting “unauthorised” projects on the river, including the construction of two major dams in the Jammu and Kashmir region.

The dispute has significant implications for regional stability and the livelihoods of millions of people on both sides of the border. Pakistan relies heavily on the Indus River for irrigation and drinking water, while India seeks to harness its hydroelectric potential to meet its growing energy needs. The stakes are high, and the failure to find a solution could have far-reaching consequences for the entire region.

Canada’s Response and the Road Ahead

Pakistan’s request for Canadian assistance has been welcomed by Ottawa, which has pledged to support efforts to resolve the dispute through diplomatic channels. Canadian diplomats have already begun engaging with their Indian counterparts to explore possible solutions, including the establishment of a joint committee to oversee water-sharing arrangements and prevent future disputes.

The road ahead will be challenging, however, as both Pakistan and India have entrenched positions and a history of distrust. Nevertheless, with Canada’s guidance and support, there is still hope that the Indus Waters Treaty can be salvaged and a more collaborative approach to regional water management can be achieved. As the situation unfolds, one thing is clear: the fate of the Indus River and the future of Pakistan-India relations hangs precariously in the balance.

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